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Python words in plain language

Assignment and type
frames = 96 binds a name to an integer. "96" is text, not the same numeric value. Values and names.
List and index
A list keeps items in order. Positions start at zero; the final nonnegative index is length minus one. List lookups.
Loop and indentation
A for loop processes each item. Indentation groups its repeated statements; a statement outside the block runs separately. Loops.
Parameter, argument and Return
A parameter names an input in a definition; an argument supplies its value in a call. Return gives a result to the caller; print displays it. A function that only prints returns None. Functions.
Dictionary and schema
A dictionary labels values with keys. A schema states the required fields and types; a missing fact is not automatically zero. Dictionaries · Validation.
File, CSV and JSONL
A file stores bytes/text. CSV needs a quoting-aware parser; JSONL contains one JSON value per line. Browser practice files are temporary, not computer files. CSV · JSONL.
Denominator and evidence
A rate divides a count by its declared eligible total. Keep exclusions visible. A quiz score, practical check and self-review are different evidence. Quality rates.

Read the error, then make one repair

SyntaxError / IndentationError
Python could not parse the code. Inspect the named line and the preceding line for a missing colon, unmatched quote/bracket or inconsistent indentation. Review blocks.
NameError
A name has no value here. Compare case and spelling, and check that assignment happens before use. Do not replace an unknown parameter with a fixed sample.
TypeError / ValueError
A wrong kind of value or an unacceptable value can fail an operation. Inspect the supplied input and declared policy; do not broadly suppress the error. Narrow error handling.
IndexError / KeyError
The requested position or key is missing. Inspect the collection and interface instead of guessing a fallback. Indices · Keys.
Run stays loading / runtime or checker unavailable
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Expected sample prints, but a check fails
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← Route Week 4 · Day 18 of 40

CSV rows

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Lesson idea Tap to fold
Recall

What is the difference between file modes "w" and "a"?

Show the answer

Write replaces the file; append adds to its end.

Today

Read CSV as labelled records

CSV can contain quoted commas, so splitting each line on a comma is not a general CSV parser. csv.DictReader uses the header to label each field. StringIO lets us practise with text without needing a file.

CSV values arrive as strings. Convert frames with int before numeric work. This introductory task assumes a valid header and numeric text; validation and malformed-row policies come later.

# Read CSV as labelled records.
import csv
from io import StringIO

data = 'frames,name\n0007,"Canal, East"\n'
for row in csv.DictReader(StringIO(data)):
    frames = int(row["frames"])
    print(row["name"], "·", frames, "frames")

Canal, East · 7 frames. The quoted comma stays inside the name, and 0007 becomes the integer 7.

Retrieve fields by their header keys, not their source position. Keep text and integers distinct even when they print similarly.

Predict, explain, then verify

These brief checks are self-reviewed, not quiz scores. Browser runs use fresh temporary files; they do not open your computer’s files. Download useful reports before another Run, Reset, exercise change or leaving.

Predict the type

Does CSV frame text 0007 arrive as the integer 7?

Compare your answer · self-reviewed

No. It arrives as text; int converts it to 7.

Read a header

If the CSV columns reorder, should dictionary-key lookups change?

Compare your answer · self-reviewed

No, provided the header names still match the data columns.

Spot a parser bug

Why is splitting a CSV row on commas unsafe for the name "Canal, East"?

Compare your answer · self-reviewed

The quoted comma is part of the name. A CSV parser understands quoting; a simple string split does not.

Now

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day-18.py standard Python · runs in this browser
Output

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